What can cause the sclera of the eye to become jaundiced?

The sclera, which is the white outer layer of the eyeball, can become jaundiced due to an accumulation of bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. When this yellow pigment builds up in the bloodstream, it can deposit in various tissues, including the sclera, leading to the characteristic yellowing.

Liver disease is particularly significant because the liver's primary functions include processing bilirubin. When the liver is compromised, liver disease can impede the proper processing and excretion of bilirubin, causing elevated levels in the blood. Conditions such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver failure can lead directly to this jaundiced appearance in the sclera due to the liver's inability to handle the bilirubin properly.

Other options are less directly related to the jaundiced appearance of the sclera. While infections can lead to different symptoms affecting the eyes, they do not typically result in jaundice. High blood pressure and diabetes, while serious health issues, do not cause the sclera to become yellow; these conditions are associated with other complications and symptoms in the body. Thus, liver disease is the primary cause of the jaundiced appearance in the sclera due to its direct relationship with bilirubin metabolism